Steam and hot-water boiler.



No- 829,335. PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906. E. O. HASKINS.

STEAM AND HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED 0GT.6. 1905.

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No. 829,335. PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906. E. O. HASKINS. STEAM AND HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.5, 1905.

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No. 829,335. PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906. E. O. HASKINS.

STEAM AND HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED OUT-.5, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEETB.

r": NORRIS Pzflms co, WASHINGTON, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELBERT O. HASKINS, OF RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO ABENDROTH BROTHERS, OF PORT CHESTER, NEW' YORK, A COR- PORATION OF NEW YORK.

STEAM AND HOT-WATER BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 21, 1906.

To all w/wm/ it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELBERT O. HAsKINs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rutherford, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Steam and Hot-Water Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a hollow sectional heatingboiler adapted for hot water or steam. In this class of boilers each integral hollow section is formed with opposite supporting-legs with an arched connection, and above these parts openings are provided which when the sections are placed side by side and secured form passage-ways for the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion. Formerly in this class of boilers the hot gases were taken through outside and returned through inside flues. This is the op posite of the circulation I employ;

In boilers and furnaces generally consider able attention should be paid to fully utilize the hot gaseous products of combustion not only so as to obtain as perfect combustion as possible, but to extract or take up as large a percentage of said heat as possible before the smoke and gases enter the chimney, as it is a fact that a considerable percentage of heat passes into and away by the chimney and is lost; and the object of my invention is to overcome these difficulties.

In the device of my invention I not only utilize and control the heat, but compel a subdivision of the hot products of combustion above the fire, which shall heat each section alike and make one as eflicient as another, so that no short-circuiting shall take place. I provide a horizontally-disposed gatheringchamber in the set-up boiler, which is intersected at intervals by vertical uptakeheating-tubes, which in a steam-boiler are steaming-tubes and in a hot-water boiler maximum hot-water heating-tubes. In the setup boiler of sections the hot products of combustion pass into and then through the gathering-chamber to the back section, where they rise and turn forward and pass through a central chamber or flue intersected by substantially two diverging prolongations of the said uptake-tubes. At the front section these gaseous products of combustion divide, passing to the right and left, turning horizontally into other flues or passage-ways near the side walls of the sections, and then through these flues to the back of the sectional boiler and by pipes to the chimney. Small openings are provided between the sections for the hot gaseous products of combustion to pass direct from the gathering-cham ber to the chamber or flue above and aid combustion and increase the elliciency of the boiler by allowing the hot gases to come into contact with the vertical diverging uptaketubes of the higher flue. In this construc tion the center of the boiler is consequently the hottest, providing a central rising circulation, and the outsides of the boiler are the coolest, providing for a return or downward circulation of the water.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the second section-that is, the one next to the frontand Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the same at the dotted line x m. Fig. 3 is an elevation of one of the intermediate sections that is, any one of the sections back of the second section to the last section as they are alil eand Fig. 4 is a sectional plan at the dotted line y of Fig. 3. Fig.5 is an elevation similar to Fig. 3, but with the top portion, which is shown in Figs. 1 and 3, removed, the form. shown in Figs. 1 and 3 with the top being especially adapted for a steam sectional boiler and the form shown in Fig. 5 for a hotwater boiler. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan at the dotted line 2 2, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical central section of a complete boiler of sec tions similar to Figs. 1 and 3 adapted for steam, and Fig. 8 is a sectional plan of a complete sectional boiler adapted for either steam or hot water on substantially the dotted line 00 a: of Fig. 1.

Each section is an integral hollow casting having the hollow legs 2 3, a hollow body a, narrower than the body at the sides and arched over between the legs, so as to leave the desired space for the combustion-chamher and grates. a is a hollow bridge-body of curved form in elevation of the same width as the sides of the section and projecting at both sides beyond the narrow body a, so that when the sections are set together the faces l of the hollow bridge-bodies a come in con tact and form a wall horizontally disposed, the lower surface of which is substantially the crown sheet of the boiler. Above this bridge-body a there are in each section openings'which provide a gathering-chamber 4, divided at intervals by the central uptake heating-tubes b, there being in each section one central tube 1). Above the gatheringchamber there is a hollow division-body 6, between which and the hollow top body (1 is formed a central chamber 5, divided at intervals by the diverging uptaketubes c c, which form practical prolongations of the uptaketube 1). In a steam-boiler the tubes 1) and c c are steaming-tubes and in a hot-water boiler maximum water-heating tubes. The openings 6 shown are for nipple connections and the holes 11 for tie-bolts, the nipple connections being employed for establishing communication between the interiors of hollow sections and the tie-bolts for locking the sections together, both of which are well known in this art. The diverging tubes, 0 c are each of the same capacity as the central tube 12, and they therefore act to reduce and retard the violent agitation of the water in the tube 6 and reduce the velocity or speed of circulation thereof to the desired extent.

Where the sections are employed in a sectional steam-boiler, the castings are made, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 7, with the steamdome 6 above the hollow top body (1, but where the sections are employed in a hot-- water boiler, as shown in Fig. 5, this upper part or steam-dome is omitted and the section terminates with the hollow top body (I, the characteristics of each section otherwise being the same for either class of boiler. In Figs. 1 and 2, ff represent hollow divisionbodies, which from Fig. 2 it will be noticed are substantiallyhhalf the thickness of the section. Outside of these division-bodies f f and between the same and the side walls of the casing are openings which when the sections are set together form the return-flues 7 8. In the opposite side faces of the hollow division-body b I employ in the respective sections notches which when the sections are set together provide openings 9 10 for the hot gaseous products of combustion. Figs. 3 4, 5, and 6, outside of the consideration of the'steam-dome 6, show the peculiarities of the sections commencing with number 3 and extending toward the last or back section, and these sections differ from the section Fig. 1 in that gg represent division-bodies of the section of the full width of the section the faces of which meet when the sections are set together, so as to effectually form the return lines 7 and 8.

In the variousfigures, 12 represents overlapping edge ribs of, the faces which come into contact when the sections are set together. These ribs are well known in this art and cocupy places which are filled or luted With'cement, so as to effectually seal the contacting faces of the sections.

In Fig. 7 the front section (shown at the left hand) is provided with the usual coalopening 13 and clean-out openings 14, covered in the completed structure by doors of usual character. This section is provided with hollow body projections h i, the hollow body h extending out to meet and being similar in form with the bridge-body a. of the other sections, and the hollow body i extending out to meet the hollow division-body b of the other sections, while the back section (shown at the right hand of Fig. 7) is provided with a hollow body projection R, which extends out to meet and agrees substantially in form with the bridge-body a of the other sections. This back section is provided with vertical hollow projections Z l, occupying positions in this section agreeing with the divisional bodies or projections g g of the sections shown in Figs. 3 and 5, and this isshown in section in Fig. 8, so as to complete the continuity of the return-Hues 7 and 8.

In the operation of the steam or hotwate r furnace formed of the sections hereinbefore described the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion rise in the fire-chamber against the bridge-body a and are deflected to opposite sides, turning the ends of the bridgebody and also being deflected from the sides of the sections and from the under surbodies (1 cannot be short-circuited. into any other, but are compelled to rise direct, and indoing so they pass into the gathering-chamber 4, and because this gathering-chamber is closed off between'the front and second sec' tions, as well as between each of the other sections, these hot products of combustion and the smoke are compelled to pass toward the rear of the .boiler, where they turn around the division-body I) and rise into the central chamber 5, the last or back section being cut away to provide for this change in direction.

The hot gaseous'products of combustion now move forward to the front section of the boiler through the central chamber5, and simultaneous therewith the openings 9 10,-

which are small, provide for a direct passage of some of these hot gaseous products of combustion from the gathering-chamber into the central chamber. These hot gaseous ucts strike all. around both the uptake heating-tube b and the diverging uptake-tubes 0 c, this being the hottest part of the furnace. Consequently in a steam-boiler the water is quickly turned into steam in these tubes, and they are properly termed steamingtubes, the steam rising therein and passing prod- ICO through the hollow top body d into the steamdrum 6, and in this movement it willbe noticed that=the steam is directed at either side of the nipple connection 6, communicating between the sections, so that the steam that is delivered into the drum may properly be termed in this art dry steam. It will also be apparent that in the hot-water sectional boiler the water is hottest in the tubes 7) and c c, the circulation at this point being the most active and the water being not only directed up into the pipes of the system, but given an impetus effecting a more perfect circulation of the water, the return or coolest water from the system returning into the legs of the sections and up to the center. The smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion that move forward in the central chamber 5 and around the uptake-tubes c 0 pass to the front of the boiler and are diverted by the front section to the right and to the left, and so pass around the hollow divisionbodies f f (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) these bodies being of limited area at the end of the sections, so as to provide spaces for this turning movement. These products of combustion then pass to the rear of the boiler through the flues 7 and S, and at the end of these lines they pass into suitable pipes ex tending to the chimney. In this circulation of the products of combustion they part with the larger percentage of their units of heat, which are taken up by the boiler in the heating of the water contained in the hollow sec tions.

In the device of my improvement and in contrai'listinction to similar devices in this art the hot gaseous products of combustion are taken first through central fines and discharged through outside flues, whereas formerly in this class of boilers the hot gases were passed through flues next the outside and returned through central flues. I thus ell'ect greater economy in the heating of the water by first passing the hot products of combustion through the center flues and then through outside flues.

I claim as my invention 1. In a section for a sectional boiler, a hollow narrow body between the sides arched for the fire-chamber, a hollow bridge-body at each side of the section and of equal width and extending over the fire-chamber to divert the products of combustion around the ends, said parts contacting when the sections are set up and forming a gathering-chamber over the bridgebody, an uptake heatingtube in said section and passage ways through the upper part of the body.

2. In a section for a sectional boiler, a hollow narrow body between the sides arched. over the fire-chamber, a hollow bridge-body at each side of the section and of equal width and extending over the fire-chamber to divert the products of combustion around its ends, said parts contacting when the sections are set up and forming a gathering-chamber over the bridge-body, an uptake heating-tube in said section intersecting the gathering-chamber, a central chamber over the gathering-chamber and a divisional body between the same and the gathering-cha'mt er and diverging uptakepipes in the central. chamber intersecting the same.

8. In a section for a sectional boiler, a narrow body between the sides arched. over the fire-chamber, a bridge-body at each side of the section and of equal width and extending over the lire-chamber to divert the products of combustion around its ends, a gatheringehamber over the bridge-body, an uptake heating tube intersecting the gathering chamber, a central chamber over the gathering-chamber, a divisional body between the same and the gathering-chamber, diverging uptake-pipes in the central chamber intersecting the same, and hollow division-bodies 7, at either side of the central chamber and of substantially half the width of the section.

4. In a section for a sectional boiler, a narrow body between the sides arched over the fire-chamber, a bridge-body at each side of the section and of eq ual w'dth and extending over the fire-chamber to divert the products of combustion around its ends, a gatheringchamber over the bridge-body, an uptake heating tube intersecting the gatheringchamber, a central chamber over the gathering-chamber, a divisional body between the same and the gathering-chamber, diverging uptakepipes in the central chamber intersecting the same, and recesses formed in the division-body between the gathering-chamber and the central chamber forming passage-ways 9, 10 of small area.

5. In a steam and hot-water boiler of sectional construction, a gathering-chamber longitudinally disposed and formed by alined openings in each section, means dividing up the combustion-chamber so as to compel the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion to rise between adjacent sections, means compelling a simultaneous outward move ment of the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion before their return movement and entrance into the gathering-chamber.

6. In a steam and hot-water boiler of sectional construction, a gathering-chamber longitudinally disposed and formed by alined openings in each section, means dividing up the combustion-chamber so as to compel the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion to rise between adjacent sections, means compelling a simultaneous outward movement of the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion before their return movement and entrance into the gathering-chamber, and uptake-tubes formed centrally of the sections and bisecting the gathering-chamben 7. In a steam and hot-Water boiler of sec tional construction,a gathering-chamber longitudinally disposed and formed by alined openings in each section, means dividing up the combustion-chamber so as to compel the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion to rise between the adjacent sections, means compelling a simultaneous outward movement of the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion before their return movement and entrance into the gatheringchamber, a central chamber over the gathering-chamber for returningthe products of combustion toward the front of the boiler, and flues at either side of the central chamber and adjacent to the sides of the sections for further conveying the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion from the central chamber-toward the rear of the boiler to pipes extending to the chimney.

8 In a steam and hot-water boiler of sectional construction, a gathering-chamber longitudinally disposed and formed by alined openings in each section, means dividing up the combustion-chamber so as to compel the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion to rise between adjacent sections, means compelling a simultaneous outward movement of the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion before their return movement and entrance into the gathering-chamber, and uptake-tubes formed centrally of the sections and bisecting the gathering-chamber, and diverging uptake-tubes intersecting the central chamber and forming substantial prolongations of the uptake heating-tubes of the gathering-chamber for insuring and making more positive the circulation of the boiler.

9. In a steam and hot-water boiler of sectional construction, a gathering-chamber longitudinally disposed and formed by alined openings in each section, means dividing up the comb ustion-chamber so as to compel the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion to rise between adjacent sections, means compelling a simultaneous outward movement of the smoke and hot gaseous products of combustion before their return movement and entrance into the gathering-chamber, uptake-tubes formed centrally of the sections and bisecting the gathering-chamber, and diverging uptake-tubes intersecting the central chamber and forming substantial prolongations of the uptake heating-tubes of the gathering-chamber for insuring and making more positive the circulation of the boiler, there being recesses in the juxtaposed faces of the various sections forming openings 9, 10 of small area for the direct escape upward of the hot gaseous products from the gatheringchamber to the central chamber in proximity to the said uptake-tubes.

Signed by me this 28th day of September, 1905.

ELBERT O. HASKINS.

Witnesses:

GEO. T. PiNoKNEY, BERTHA M. ALLEN. 

